4 research outputs found
Measles Rash Identification Using Residual Deep Convolutional Neural Network
Measles is extremely contagious and is one of the leading causes of
vaccine-preventable illness and death in developing countries, claiming more
than 100,000 lives each year. Measles was declared eliminated in the US in 2000
due to decades of successful vaccination for the measles. As a result, an
increasing number of US healthcare professionals and the public have never seen
the disease. Unfortunately, the Measles resurged in the US in 2019 with 1,282
confirmed cases. To assist in diagnosing measles, we collected more than 1300
images of a variety of skin conditions, with which we employed residual deep
convolutional neural network to distinguish measles rash from other skin
conditions, in an aim to create a phone application in the future. On our image
dataset, our model reaches a classification accuracy of 95.2%, sensitivity of
81.7%, and specificity of 97.1%, indicating the model is effective in
facilitating an accurate detection of measles to help contain measles
outbreaks
TPL2 kinase activity regulates microglial inflammatory responses and promotes neurodegeneration in tauopathy mice
Tumor progression locus 2 (TPL2) (MAP3K8) is a central signaling node in the inflammatory response of peripheral immune cells. We find that TPL2 kinase activity modulates microglial cytokine release and is required for microglia-mediated neuron death in vitro. In acute in vivo neuroinflammation settings, TPL2 kinase activity regulates microglia activation states and brain cytokine levels. In a tauopathy model of chronic neurodegeneration, loss of TPL2 kinase activity reduces neuroinflammation and rescues synapse loss, brain volume loss, and behavioral deficits. Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis indicates that protection in the tauopathy model was associated with reductions in activated microglia subpopulations as well as infiltrating peripheral immune cells. Overall, using various models, we find that TPL2 kinase activity can promote multiple harmful consequences of microglial activation in the brain including cytokine release, iNOS (inducible nitric oxide synthase) induction, astrocyte activation, and immune cell infiltration. Consequently, inhibiting TPL2 kinase activity could represent a potential therapeutic strategy in neurodegenerative conditions